Iran substitute Pejman Nouri had the best chance at Khalifa Stadium, striking the crossbar from close range in the 70th minute. Qatar striker Sebastian Soria shot straight at goalkeeper Syed Medhi Rahmati in the 55th.
Earlier this month, Qatar drew 1-1 against Saudi Arabia before beating African champion Egypt 2-1 and Estonia 2-0. All the matches were played in Doha.
Qatar next plays North Korea in Doha on Dec. 31, its final warm-up before the Jan. 7 start of the Asian Cup.
The Asian Cup is the continent's top football tournament. Qatar is hosting the 16-team event, which ends Jan. 29.